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The Penn State child sex abuse scandal was an incident in which Jerry Sandusky, a former assistant football coach for the Penn State Nittany Lions, was charged and convicted of multiple counts of sexual abuse of children. Sandusky had located and groomed victims through his charity organization, The Second Mile. Also implicated were the alleged actions of several Penn State University officials, although none of Sandusky's crimes were committed on the University Park campus, there was question in terms of whether they met ethical, moral, and legal obligations in reporting any suspected abuse. The scandal broke in early November 2011 when Sandusky was indicted on 52 counts of child molestation. Although Sandusky's abuse may have begun in the 1970s; he was charged for abuse that occurred between 1994 and 2009. Additionally, three school officials were charged with perjury, obstruction of justice, failure to report suspected child abuse, and related charges: school president, Graham Spanier, and athletic director, Tim Curley. Shortly after the scandal broke, Spanier resigned. The Penn State Board of Trustees fired Curley. The Board of Trustees also fired longtime head football coach, Joe Paterno. Jerry Sandusky's criminal trial began on June 11, 2012, at the Centre County Courthouse in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. He maintained his innocence. Of the 52 charges, 4 charges were initially dropped, leaving 48. On June 22, 2012, Sandusky was convicted of 45 counts of sexual abuse.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jerry Sandusky verdict: Complete breakdown of charges )〕 Sandusky was sentenced on October 9, 2012 to a minimum of 30 years and maximum of 60 years in prison. The Board of Trustees commissioned an independent investigation by former FBI director Louis Freeh and his law firm. The Freeh Report stated that Spanier and Paterno, along with Curley and school vice president Gary Schultz, had known about allegations of child abuse on Sandusky's part as early as 1998, and were complicit in failing to disclose them (although Paterno did make a report to his superiors). In so doing, Freeh stated that the most senior leaders at Penn State showed a "total disregard for the safety and welfare of Sandusky's child victims" for 14 years and "empowered" Jerry Sandusky to continue his abuse.〔 The Freeh Report had far-reaching outcomes for Penn State. The NCAA used the Freeh Report in lieu of its own investigation to impose sanctions on the Penn State football program. On July 23, 2012, the NCAA imposed a $60 million fine, four-year postseason ban, scholarship reductions, and vacated all victories from 1998–2011. These sanctions were considered to be among the most severe ever imposed on an NCAA member school. NCAA President Mark Emmert stated that the sanctions were levied "not to be just punitive, but to make sure the university establishes an athletic culture and daily mindset in which football will never again be placed ahead of education, nurturing and protecting young people." The Big Ten Conference subsequently imposed an additional $13 million fine.〔 In 2014, the NCAA reversed course. It rescinded the post-season ban, restored scholarships, and re-credited Penn State and Joe Paterno with their victories from 1998–2011. , two other investigations are ongoing: a federal criminal probe by the local United States Attorney launched shortly after the discovery of Sandusky's crimes, and a separate probe from the Department of Education into whether Penn State responded to the incident properly and reported it in accordance with federal law.〔〔 On July 30, 2013, Spanier, Schultz, and Curley were ordered by Judge William Wenner to stand trial. ==Background== Jerry Sandusky was an assistant coach for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 1969 to 1999. For the last 23 of those years, he was the team's defensive coordinator. In 1977, Sandusky founded The Second Mile in State College, Pennsylvania. The Second Mile was a charity formed to help disadvantaged youth.〔 Sandusky retired from the organization in 2010.〔 In 1998, he was investigated for sexual abuse of a child but no charges were filed. Sandusky was considered for spearheading a football program at Penn State Altoona in 1998–99, but the idea was scrapped and he retired in 1999. After his retirement as Penn State's defensive coordinator, he remained a coach emeritus with an office in, and access to, Penn State's football facilities. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penn State child sex abuse scandal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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